Comparison of anaesthetic efficacy of 4% articaine primary buccal infiltration versus 2% lidocaine inferior alveolar nerve block in symptomatic mandibular first molar teeth

Objective: To evaluate success of pulpal anaesthesia of mandibular 1st molar by using 4% articaine in buccal infiltration versus 2% lidocaine in inferior alveolar nerve block

Study Design: Randomized control trial

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Operative Dentistry, Sardar Begum Dental College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, from March to August 2014

Methodology: One hundred and fifty-six emergency patients, who had 1st molar diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis, participated in the study. Subjects were divided into two groups by random allocation. One group received 4% articaine buccal infiltration and the other group received inferior alveolar nerve block of 2% lidocaine. Subjects' self-reported pain response was recorded on Heft Parker Visual Analogue Scale after local anaesthetic administration during access cavity preparation and pulp extirpation

Results: Mean age of subjects was 31.46 +/- 10.994 years. The success rate of 4% buccal infiltration was 76.9%; whereas the success rate of 2% lidocaine inferior alveolar nerve block was 62.8%. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups

Conclusion: 4% articaine buccal infiltration can be considered a viable alternative to 2% lidocaine inferior alveolar nerve block in securing successful pulpal anaesthesia for endodontic therapy

Frequency and distribution of dental caries in teeth and arches of patients examined at Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore

Worldwide prevalence of dental caries is very high reaching to more than 95% in developing countries. . Dental caries is a multi-factorial, dynamic and infectious microbiologic disease process resulting from imbalance in the physiologic equilibrium between the tooth mineral and the plaque liquid. The study design was cross-sectional. This study aim was to evaluate the frequency and distribution of dental caries in teeth and arches of caries patients reporting to department of Operative dentistry at Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore. Total of 15323 patients with caries reporting to the OPD of Operative dentistry at Punjab Dental hospital were examined with age range of 10 to 60 years or more. Frequency of carious teeth in age group 20-29 years was maximum and minimum in age group 60 years or more. Dental caries was more prevalent in mandible [53%][n=8162] than in maxilla[47%] [n=7158]. In both the arches, first molars were the most frequently affected teeth by caries. Caries was found to be more prevalent in mandible than maxilla

Comparison of effectiveness of 4% articaine buccal infiltration versus inferior alveolar nerve block in symptomatic mandibular 1[st] molar tooth

Objective: to evaluate the pulpal anaesthesia of mandibular 1st molar by using 4% articaine in two different techniques i-e buccal infiltration and inferior alveolar nerve block

Methodology: ninty emergency patients who had 1st molar diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis participated in the study. Subjects were randomly allo-cated into two groups One group received 4% articaine buccal infiltration and the other group received inferior alveolar nerve block of 4% articaine. Subjects' self reported pain response was recorded on Heft Parker Visual Analogue Scale after local anesthetic administration during access cavity preparation and pulp extirpation

Results: mean age of subjects was 32.96 years +/- 10.105 years. The success rate of 4% articaine buccal infiltration was 71.11% whereas the success rate of 4% articaine inferior alveolar nerve block was 64.4%. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups

Conclusion: since there was no difference between the two procedures 4% articaine buccal infiltration can be considered a viable alternative to inferior alveolar nerve block in securing successful pulpal anesthesia for endodontic therapy

Stroke in hypertensive patients; a scan based 100 case study

Objective: To compare the incidence of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral infarction in hypertensive patients in stroke. Design: Prospective study: Setting: Medical Unit II Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Period: From 1[st] Aug 2000 to 15[th] April 2001

Material and Method: 100 patients admitted to medical unit II, with a completed stroke along with hypertension. Stroke was suspected on clinical examination and for confirming the diagnosis, CT scan facilities were made available. Out of 100, 65 were males and 35 were females. 73 patients had infarctive stroke, 22 had a haemorrhagic stroke and 5 patients had subarachnoid hemorrhage

Results: Patients were divided into various sub groups according to age, sex, type of stroke and risk factors. The results were tabulated as per outcome on CT brain. 73 patients had infarctive stroke, 22 had a hemorrhagic stroke and 5 patients had SA hemorrhage

Conclusion: Hypertension is risk factor in stroke and should be properly controlled